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Historical Timeline

Years
Period
Music Centers
Dominant Forms & Genres
Main Composers
Trends & More
Prehistoric

Prehistoric times

None

Spontaneous singing

Body sounds

None

A man plays an instrument with a bow (mid Magdalenian culture) Cave painting, Grotto of Trois Freres, Ariege
"functional" music for various needs
-1000
Ancient Time
Early Middle Ages
Italy
Gregorian Chant
Anonymous composers
Music Serves the Roman church
1000-1400
Late Middle Ages
France
Italy
Organum
Rondeau
Madrigal
Leonin
Perotin
Guillaume de Machaut
Landini
Hildegard von Bingen
'Ars Antiqua' (Notre Dame School)
Ars Nova
Troubadours / trouveres
Minnesinger / Meistersinger
1400-1600
***
Renaissance
Italy
Netherlands
Mass
Motet
Madrigal
Luther
Lassus
Ockeghem
Des Prez
Palestrina
Burgundian School
Flemish School
Roman
1600-1750
Baroque
Italy
France
Germany
England
Opera
Oratorio
Cantata
Fugue
Concerto Grosso
Monteverdi
Bach
Handel
Vivaldi
Monody replaces Polyphony
1720-1770
Rococo
France
Germany
Song
One-Part instrumental works
Rameau
Gluck

Elaborate ornamentation

1750-1800
***
Classical
Austria
Sonata
String Quartet

Symphony
Haydn
Mozart
Beethoven
Musical form is
in the center
1800-1850
To the Romantic period
Early
Romanticism
Germany
France
Austria
Sonata
Symphonic Poem
& Program music
Lied (Song)
Schubert
Brahms
Mendelssohn
Chopin
Liszt
Neoclassicism
1850-1900
Late
Romanticism
Germany
France
Italy
Austria
Opera (National)
Impressionism
Wagner
Verdi
Mahler
Strauss
Debussy
Ravel
Freedom for composers
Impressionism
Nationality
1900-
20th Century
USA
Germany
France
Atonal Music
Twelve-Tone
Serial
Aleatory Music
Electronic Music
Schoenberg
Stravinsky
Bartok
Cage
Breaking the rules
Jazz
Pop Music
Electronic Music

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