Nahawand (minor on C)
Named after the Persian town Nahawand, in northern Iran. At times, the seventh note is also 3/4 flat.
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Maqam Nahawand

Hijaz (D minor with a flat second and a sharp third)
This maqam has no quarter-tones. Although its origin is non-Arab, it is called after the region Hijaz in Saudi Arabia. Hijaz was used, both in Arab music and the Jewish "Piyut" (poetic prayer) for songs of grief and mourning, yearning and great emotion. This is the maqam in which the muezzin calls from the mosque tower "Alla hu akbar ("God is all-mighty").
Hijaz was also known in Jewish music as the "Ahava Raba" mode. Popular in the Jewish music of eastern Europe.
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Maqam Hijaz

 

Bayati (minor on D with a second diminished by a quarter-tone)
is one of the most important maqamat in Arab music. The source of its name is unknown.
It is a minor scale on the note D, with its second diminished by quarter-tone.
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Maqam Bayati

Siqah/ Sigah/ Sikah (a scale on E, diminished by a quarter-tone, that also includes a B diminished by a quarter-tone)
Its is named after its place: si-kah (meaning "third").
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Maqam Siqah

Rast (a major scale on C, with its third and seventh diminished by a quarter-tone)
The meaning of this maqam's name is "the straight voice" in the Persian language, and perhaps its name derives from the town of Rest in Northern Iran.
It is considered the fist of maqamat, and this is the mode customary for beginning playing of singing.
It is based on a major scale, with the notes E and B diminished by a quarter-tone.
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Maqam Rast

Huzam (Siqah with A flat)
There is some confusion between Siqah and Huzam, because many songs played in Huzam are mistakenly thought as written in Siqah; this error is deeply rooted.
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Maqam Huzam

Saba (on D, with E diminished by a quarter-tone, and G and B flat)
This is the saddest maqam in Arab music. Its name means youth. Jews play it in Brith and Bar-Mitzvahs, or on Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish new year's eve), an occasion that also commemorates the binding of Isaac.
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Maqam Saba

Kurd (a Phrygian mode on D)
Supposedly, its names originates from the Kurdish people.
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Makam Kurd

 
Ajam (a major scale on B flat)
In Arabic, its names means "abroad", and particularly, it refers to Iran. Ajam is also called the "strong scale", and among Jews it is customary in celebrations, weddings and holidays - Simhat Torah, Pesakh and Shavues.
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Maqam Ajam

 
 
Nakriz/ Naqriz/ Nagriz (minor on C, with a sharp fourth)
"Nakriz" means "beautiful day" in Persian.
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Maqam Nakriz

Lami (Locrean mode on E)
A maqam built on two Phrygian tetrachords on the notes A and the E below it. Hence its name "La-Mi" (A-E).
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